Retrospective validation is a non-compliance. On the rare occasions this occurs, this is an area where risk assessment helps with such historical (or retrospective) validation. In many establishments, processes that are stable and in routine use have not undergone a formally documented validation process (particularly if they predate the implementation of regulatory guidance documents from the 1990s onwards)37. Historical data may be utilized to provide necessary documentary evidence that the processes are validated. For this it is typical to examine all aspects of the manufacture of product batches and the related processes where several batches are required as part of the review (the number selected must be meaningful and the batches selected must be representative of the process)38. For any process established since the early 2000s there should be no instances of retrospective validation. 追溯验证是一种违规行为。在极少数情况下,风险评估有助于这种历史(或追溯)验证。在许多企业中,稳定和常规使用的工艺都没有经过正式记录的验证过程(特别是在 20 世纪 90 年代以后监管指导文件实施之前)。37. 可利用历史数据来提供必要的书面证据,证明工艺已经过验证。为此,典型的做法是审查产品批次生产的所有方面和相关过程,审查过程中需 要几个批次(所选数量必须有意义,所选批次必须能代表整个过程)38 。38. 对于 2000 年代初以来建立的任何流程,都不应该进行追溯验证。