早发和晚发性结直肠癌风险增高更多是饮酒的“锅”还是基因的错？《柳叶刀》子刊最...

yuanbao009

过量饮酒是CRC的既定危险因素之一，并且还被认为增加EOCRC风险。几项研究检查了在全基因组关联研究（GWAS）中鉴定的CRC相关单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与CRC风险环境风险因素的相互作用，但基因-环境相互作用的证据仍然有限。相关研究往往受到单一遗传变异和有限功率的微弱影响，特别是考虑到需要对多种测试进行调整。对于环境因素与综合遗传指标（例如基于多个疾病相关位点的多基因风险评分（PRS））的相互作用的分析，统计能力可能要高得多。然而，缺乏证据证明酒精摄入与CRC风险（总体和诊断时的年龄）在PRS水平上的潜在差异相关性。不过，这些证据对于加强风险分层和有针对性的预防工作可能具有高度相关性。此外，将减少饮酒的影响与预定遗传风险的影响进行比较可能是有用的，这可能有助于有效的风险沟通。

因此，本研究的目的是全面评估不同水平PRS下饮酒与整体CRC风险，EOCRC风险和LOCRC风险的关联，并使用最近开发的指标“遗传风险当量（GRE）”量化饮酒的影响，这可能有助于比较环境和遗传因素的风险。

本研究使用多元逻辑回归评估酒精消费与结直肠癌（CRC）在PRS水平上的关联，基于来自一项基于人群的大型病例对照研究的5104个CRC病例和4131个对照组的140个CRC相关位点。我们使用“遗传风险当量（GRE）”比较了酒精消费和PRS对CRC风险的影响，并对早发性CRC（EOCRC，<55年）和晚发性CRC（LOCRC，≥55年）进行了具体分析。

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