CR、DR和ER的区别

三尺之冰

哪位大神给解释一下:CR、DR以及ER的区别？

一沙一叶

能不能把问题详细点？   

三尺之冰

一沙一叶 发表于 2015-1-2 17:45
能不能把问题详细点？

制剂的一种分类：Control release（CR）、Extended release(ER)、Delayed release（DR），即控释、缓释和迟释，那么这三者严格意义上是怎么区分的了？

愚公想改行

控释：是指尽可能恒速释放药物；
缓释：是指缓慢地释放药物；
迟释：是指给药后不立即释放药物，有定位释放的意味（如肠溶制剂，确保不在胃里药物被破坏）。
应该是这个意思吧。

三尺之冰

愚公想改行 发表于 2015-1-3 10:18
控释：是指尽可能恒速释放药物；
缓释：是指缓慢地释放药物；
迟释：是指给药后不立即释放药物，有定位释 ...

迟释可以理解，一般是指肠溶制剂，但控释和缓释的差别在哪里了？

三尺之冰

三尺之冰 发表于 2015-1-3 20:57
迟释可以理解，一般是指肠溶制剂，但控释和缓释的差别在哪里了？

控释强调恒速，而缓释更强调释放的时间长短？

davidcone

缓释药品是先将药物制成小的颗粒，然后分作数份，少数不包外衣，作为最先起效的速释部分；其他分别包上厚薄不同的外衣，作为缓释部分。这时再取上述颗粒，以一定比例混合制成某种剂型。服用这种药物后，由于药物处于未包衣和包厚薄不同的外衣中，所以它们在血液中的释放速度是不同的，于是就达到了持续发挥药物疗效的目的。如曾经用于治疗感冒的康泰克缓释胶囊，里面就装有能按不同速度释放的药物颗粒，并用不同的颜色加以区别，这样便像接力跑一样，“你方唱罢我登场”，从而使药物持续发挥作用。

    控释药品是先制成含药片芯，然后在片芯外面包上一定厚度的半透膜，再采用激光技术在膜上打若干小孔，病人服用后，与体液接触，水从半透膜进入片芯，使药物溶解，当药片内部的渗透压高于外部时，药物便由小孔中徐徐流出而发挥疗效。这样通过控释衣膜定时、定量、匀速地向外释放药物，使血药浓度恒定。

搜索到一份说明，供参考。

newfellow

三尺之冰 发表于 2015-1-2 23:19
制剂的一种分类：Control release（CR）、Extended release(ER)、Delayed release（DR），即控释、缓释和 ...

摘自药物生产手册：
Modified-release products include delayed-release products and extended-controlled-release products.
As defined in the USP, delayed-release drug products are dosage forms that release the drugs at a time later than immediately after administration (i.e., these drug products exhibit a lag time in quantifiable plasma concentrations).
Typically, coatings (e.g., enteric coatings) are intended to delay the release of medication until the dosage form passed through the acidic medium of the stomach. The in vivo tests for delayed-release drug products are similar to those for extended-release drug products. The in vitro dissolution tests for these products should document that they are stable under acidic conditions and that they release the drug only in a neutral medium (e.g., pH 6.8).

Extended-release drug products are dosage forms that allow a reduction in dosing frequency as compared with when the drug is present in an immediate-release dosage form. These drug products can also be developed to reduce fluctuations in plasma concentrations. Extended-release products can be capsules, tablets, granules, pellets, and suspensions. If any part of a drug product includes an extended-release component, the following recommendations
apply.

Controlled Release 应该是一个统称 = ER + DR + ...

三尺之冰

davidcone 发表于 2015-1-4 16:01
缓释药品是先将药物制成小的颗粒，然后分作数份，少数不包外衣，作为最先起效的速释部分；其他分别包上厚薄 ...

嘿嘿！学习了，多谢您从工艺方面给出的解释

三尺之冰

newfellow 发表于 2015-1-4 17:17
摘自药物生产手册：
Modified-release products include delayed-release products and extended-contro ...

多谢解释了，虽说看全英文的有一点点累