RR&F for Periodic Review Frequency
使用风险分级和过滤工具评估周期性回顾频率
Background:
背景
You work in a quality group for an end user companywithin the biopharmaceutical, medical device or contract research industry.Thissite uses a number of computer systems to satisfy GxP operations.Since PeriodicReview for GxP computer systems is a Regulatory Expectation, your company hasasked you to establish the frequency for GxP computer system periodicreviews.Since you would like to focus your efforts and the efforts of yourcompany on the more risky computer systems, with respect to patient safety andproduct quality, you decide to apply a risk management philosophy toward thesetting of periodic review frequencies.
你工作在一个生物制药、医疗器械或者外包的研究企业的质量部门,你的公司使用一些计算机系统来满足GxP操作。由于对GxP计算机系统进行定期回顾是监管的期望,你的公司叫你制定GxP计算机系统定期回顾的频率。因此你希望将精力集中在对患者安全和产品质量有较高风险的计算机系统上,你需要对周期性回顾的频率提供一个风险管理的方法.
Tasks at Hand:
做法
1. Determine the list of potential periodic reviewfrequencies that may be applied.
列出可能会使用的周期性回顾的频率列表
· 1 Year
一年
· 2 Years
2年
· Years (EMA feels that 4 years is the maximum allowable for a given system)
几年(EMA认为最多4年)
2. Select a risk assessment tool for prioritizingperiodic review frequencies for GxP Computer systems at your site.
选择一个对Gxp计算机系统周期性回顾频率的风险评估工具
· Qualitative
定性的
· HAZOP
危险与可操作性
· HACCP
危害与关键控制点
· PHA
初步危险分析
· FMEA
失效模式与影响分析
· RR&F
风险分级和过滤
Since this exercise is asking for prioritization, thistakes us immediately to PHA, FMEA or RR&F tools. It seems to make sense toput the vendors into relative “buckets”.
由于它需要一个优先评级,因此我们立马想到PHA、FMEA或者RR&F工具。
Also, since we are not asking for an in-depth anddetailed technical analysis, that would drop the FMEA out of the running, whichbrings us down to a PHA or RR&F.
When applying risk management and/or risk assessmenttools, always remember to consider which decision you are trying to make. Inthis case, the decision we are looking to make is which vendors should beaudited via questionnaire, over the telephone, in person or not all based on acertain set of criteria; and we are not asking to assess the controls we havein place or should put into place in order to mitigate risk.
由于我们不需要一个深入和详细的技术分析,因此可以将FMEA排除在外,可以选择PHA或者RR&F。使用风险管理和/或风险评估工具的时候,同时也要考虑需要采取何种措施。在这种情况下,我们决定供应商是否需要进行调查表、电话或者现场审计取决于一个明确的标准;以及我们不需要评估所采取的降低风险的控制措施。
Therefore, I believe the R&F tool may be the mostappropriate risk assessment tool for this exercise.
因此,RR&F工具应该是对此最适合的风险评估工具。
3. Determine the criteria you would like to usein assessing the periodic review frequency for GxP computer systems.
决定在对GxP计算机系统评估周期性回顾频率时使用的标准
· Size of the system (e.g. number of users)
系统的大小(如使用者的数量)
· # of changes per year made to the system
每年发生变更的数量
· Type of system (COTS, COTS with configure, Custom)
系统的类型(商用现货、可配置的商用软件、定制化的)
· Impact to Product Quality (Direct or In Direct)
对产品质量的影响(直接或间接)
4. Develop RR&F ToolBelow:
完成风险评级和过滤表格
· Assumption: Shallbe applied only to GxP impacting systems
设定:只对GxP影响的系统适用
Criteria 标准 | Low = 1 低(1分) | Medium = 2 中(2分) | High = 3 高(3分) |
Size of System (# of Users) 系统大小(用户数量) | > 5 Users 大于5个用户 | < 50 Users and > 5 Users 5~50个用户之间 | >50 Users 大于50个用户 |
# of Changes to the System per year 每年发生变更的数量 | < 3 | < 6 and > 3 | > 6 |
Type of System 系统类型 | COTS 商用现货 | Configuration 可配置的组态 | Bespoke Software 定制化软件 |
Product Quality Impact 对药品质量的影响 | Indirect 非直接影响 | N/A | Direct 直接影响 |
Green 绿色
(LOW = L) | Yellow 黄色
(MEDIUM = M) | Red 红色
(HIGH = H) |
< 5 | 6 to 35 |
36 to 81 |
Computer System 计算机系统 | Score 得分 | Color 颜色 | Frequency 频度 |
Distributed Control System (DCS) 分销控制系统 | 3 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 36 | Red | 1 Year 1年 |
LIMS System for Issuing Certificates of Analysis 发布分析报告的LIMS系统 | 2 x 1 x 2 x 3 = 12 | Yellow | 2 Years 2年 |
Document Management System 文件管理系统 | 2 x 2 x 2 x 1 = 8 | Yellow | 2 Years 2年 |
Environmental Monitoring System 环境监测系统 | 1 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 12 | Yellow | 2 Years 2年 |
编者:EU
GMP 附录11并未要求对已验证的计算机化系统进行再验证,但要求:“对计算机系统需进行周期评价,以确认其仍保持在有效状态”。而对评价的周期则为给出规定。本文试图阐述一种基于风险的方法来确定其再评价的周期供读者参考。读者也可以参考本文阐述的方法评估那些设备、设施的再确认周期。
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