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维基百科中:A common misconception is that the purpose of preventive action is to avert the occurrence of a similar potential problem. This process is all part of corrective action, because it is a process of determining such similarities that should take place in the event of a discrepancy.
Preventive action is any proactive methodology used to determine potential discrepancies before they occur and to ensure that they do not happen (thereby
including, for example, preventive maintenance, management review or other common forms of risk avoidance).大概的意思是纠正措施是用于防止类似问题的再次发生,而预防措是用于潜在问题发生前的预防,确保其不会发生
论坛中分享的诺和诺德的帖子中是:
纠正:对已发生的不符合项(偏差)所采取的决定包括对其所做的修复、返工或调整 纠正措施: 为避免已发生的不符合项的再发生所采取的举措。这些举措是用来解除已发生的不符合项、缺陷或不期望的情况发生相应的原因 预防措施: 为避免发生潜在的不符合项所采取的举措。这些举措是用来解除发生潜在的不符合项、缺陷或不期望的情况的原因
偏向于维基中的说法
而
FDA CFR820.100中描述:
(a) Each manufacturer shall establish and maintain procedures for implementing corrective and preventive action. The procedures shall include requirements for: (1) Analyzing processes, work operations, concessions, quality audit reports, quality records, service records, complaints, returned product, and other sources of quality data to identify existing and potential causes of nonconforming product, or other quality problems. Appropriate statistical methodology shall be employed where necessary to detect recurring quality problems; (2) Investigating the cause of nonconformities relating to product, processes, and the quality system; (3) Identifying the action(s) needed to correct and prevent recurrence of nonconforming product and other quality problems; CFDA第二百五十三条: 企业应当建立实施纠正和预防措施的操作规程,内容至少包括:
(一)对投诉、召回、偏差、自检或外部检查结果、工艺性能和质量监测趋势以及其他来源的质量数据进行分析,确定已有和潜在的质量问题。必要时,应当采用适当的统计学方法;
(二)调查与产品、工艺和质量保证系统有关的原因;
(三)确定所需采取的纠正和预防措施,防止问题的再次发生;
FDA和CFDA都有包含对已有问题和潜在问题的确定,但后面强调的是防止问题的再次发生,没有特别强调预防潜在问题的发生
我的问题是:纠正措施和预防措施是否要严格区分纠正措施用于已有问题的发生的调查、纠正和防止再次发生,预防措施用于潜在问题,防止其发生?有好的合理合规的界定方法吗?
望大神们能解惑
补充内容 (2017-5-3 13:31):
在ISO9001:2015中算是找到答案了,纠正措施是防止再发生(recurrence),而预防措施是防止发生(occurrence),内容如下:
3.12.1
preventive action
action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconform... |